Round Table Conferences and Government of India Act of 1935
The British called for 3 rounds of Round Table Conference at England that was attended by all prominent Indian leaders. The question of constitutional progress in India was discussed. But the talks could not arrive at any concrete solutions to the Indian question, due to the Hindu communal issue and their demand for separate electorates. The British passed a law in the form of Government of India Act of 1935 that provided for separate electorates for different classes of Hindu society. This strategy of the British to divide Hindus on the basis of caste was annulled by the Gandhi-Ambedkar pact, wherein instead of separate electorates, joint electorates were accepted. The Government of India Act of 1935 is a unique document that became the basis for free India 's Constitution. The Act provided for Dyarchy at the Centre, with grant of Provincial Autonomy at the provinces. The Indians were to be granted more powers and greater participation in the governance of the state. In the election held under the Act, Congress formed governments in majority of provinces, but had to resign due to the British's policy of involving India with World war, without informing the national leaders.