Mathematics
Astronomers Indian mathematics regarded as a assential tool
for astronomical knowledge. Not surprisingly, they have developed
the science of mathematics at the very high level. The sophistication
and depth of knowledge of mathematics in antiquity Indians
are almost unprecedented in the history of mathematics. Surprisingly,
Bhaskaracharya discusses in his siddhanta siromani how certain
trigonometric calculations. It was also surprising to know
that Bhaskaracharya has a fairly good knowledge of calculation
for the birth of Europe, who have been waiting for anoter
five hundred years. India has developed a system of mathematical
above everything except geometryh to that of the Greeks.
Physics
In physics, the contribution of Indians was somewhat. Perhaps
the atomic theory was developed, but it has not made much
progress. The atomic theories of ancient India are brilliant
imaginative explanations of the physical structure of the
planet. They agree in part by the theories of modern physics.
They are, however, much to the credit of the intelligence and
imagination of the small Indian thinkers. Outside the atomic
theory, the idea of the gravitational pull was known less bhaskaracharya.
He speaks of him while explaining the fall of bodies, as well
as the movement of the planets. A branch of physics that have
developed to a remarkable degree of sophistication is acoustic,
acience sound. It has become an important area of inquiry because
of the importance of sound in the context of Vedic chanting.
The development of music and music theory is another factor
responsible for the progress of acoustics. The division of the
musical scale is based on calculations of very high precision.
Chemistry
The study of the chemistry was mostly limited to metals and
drugs. The first was to later and technology to medicine.
Kautilya in his Arthasastra talks of ministers in charge of
metallurgy who were supposed to be well versed in the science
of metals. Chemical research in the fields of medicine Indians
have a knowledge of chemicals used as poisons and antidotes.
The medical chemists have been able to produce a lot of alkalis,
acids and metal salts, the diffusion process, sublimation,
calcinations and distillation were known. Gradually transformed
into chemistry from alchemy, Rasatantra. It is currently in
its phase alchemical that the followers of Tantric traditions
contributed to the growth of chemistry in a irrecpressible
measure. Many tantrics writing became important works of the
great houses of chemical knowledge of the melting of ancient
India chemically has been excellent. There has been a lot
of industrial development in both Gupta. Even Imperial Rome
to attend the India with respect to the dye, tnning, soap
making, glass and cement. A work dealing with mercury written
by Nagarjuna was available in the second century BC. By the
sixth century AD, India is ahead of Europe in the industrial
chemistry. The hardening of steel in ancient India is perfection,
which has not been achieved in the West until recently. So
rust free iron pillar of ashoka and trade secret "Damascus
blades bear witness to the great ancient Indian great achievement
in metallurgy.
(Metallurgy is a domain of materials science that studies
the physical and chemical behavior of metallic elements and
their intermetallic compounds and their compounds, which are
called alloys. It is also the technology of metals: the way
science is applied to their practical use. Metallurgy is commonly
used in the trade of the metal.
"The first metal used by humans appear to be gold that
can be found for free. Small amounts of gold were found in
natural caves Spanish during the late Paleolithic period,
c. 40,000 BC."
In silver, copper, tin and iron are also meteoric native,
which allows a limited number of metallurgy in early cultures.
Egyptian weapons made of iron meteor about 3000 BC, were highly
prized as "Daggers from heaven." However, learning
to get the copper and tin by heating rocks and combining copper
and tin to make bronze alloy called, the technology of metallurgy
began around 3500 BC In the Bronze Age. Growth history of
ferrous metallurgy can be found in a wide variety of cultures
and civilizations past. This includes the ancient and medieval
kingdoms and empires of the Middle East and Near East, ancient
Egypt and Anatolia (Turkey), Carthage, the ancient Greeks
and Romans of old Europe, Europe medieval, ancient and medieval,
China, India, ancient and medieval, ancient and medieval Japan,
etc. Interesting to note is that many applications, practices
and related devices or involved in metallurgy were first created
in 'ancient China, long before Europeans savvy crafts (such
as the innovative nature of the blast furnace, iron, steel,
travel Hydraulic powered hammers, etc.
A book of the 16th century by Georg Agricola called De re
metallica describes the highly developed and complex process
of extracting metals and metallurgy of the time. Agricola
has been described as the "father of metallurgy.)
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