India is the largest among democracies all over the world. India ranks as the 7th largest in the world and largest in the South Asia. A densely inhabited confederacy, it is only next to china in population. It sprawls over 3.28 million sq km 3220 north-south and 2980 from the east to the west. 60% of its land is fertile, while china and USA stand to utilize only 10 and 20% of their total land, respectively, for cultivation. Mountains, hills, and deserts- the landscape of India is replete with all geomorphic variations surrounded by the sea in the east, west and the south. Kannyakumarika, the southern tip of the country, witnesses the merger of the Bay of Bengal, the Arabian Sea and the Indian Ocean. The coastal perimeter stretches over 6100km. The lofty Himalayas, running all along the northern boundary, wreathed in immaculate silver, pierce the cerulean sky like a cogent sovereign. Nesteled on its N-Eastern slope are china, Nepal and Bhutan, Myanmar (Burma) to the east, Bangladesh to the S-East, Pakistan on the S-West. The viridian weald of kautilya’s treatises has been reclaimed for human settlement and the total span of the forest to day amounts to a meager 14% of the 33% natural woodlands. Nevertheless, hardly any other country lives up to the diversity afforded by this sub continental superabundance. It is the home of the evergreen, the deciduous, and the alpine. The Indian forests play host to 350 species of mammals, 2100 varieties of birds, 350 genera of reptiles. There are 800 National parks, 441 Bird sanctuaries and 25 Tiger projects spread all over the country.

The country teems with a total population of 102 crore. United by nationality the quintessential heterogeneous ethos expresses itself through discrete faith, culture, languages and rituals. Hindi is by far the single spoken majority and hence the national language. Although the constitution recognizes at least 15 different languages, yet Hindi, written in Devnagari script, is acknowledged and accepted as the official language in all Governmental activities. The recognized languages are Assamese, Urdu ,Oriya, kannada, kashmiri, Gujarati, Tamil, Telugu , Punjabi, Bengali, Marathi, Malayalam, Sanskrit, Sindhi, and Hindi. Though acknowledged, kashmiri, Sindhi and Sanskrit are not included in the official parlance. Similarly, even though Punjabi is a recognized language it is written in Gurumukhi script. The 71st constitutional amendement of 1992 has made provisions for inclusion of three other languages, Nepali, Konkani and Manipuri along with the 15 pre-existing languages accorded to the official norm. There are 1652 dialects; the basis of the written texts is the 13-alphabet script format. English is also recognized as an official language though just 3% of the urban population speak it. Of the total population 82.64% are Hindu, 11.35% Muslim, 2.43% Christian, 1.96% sikh, 0.71% Buddhist, 0.48% jain, others 0.42% (0.01% unaccounted for) India is the Eptome of the World . The name is derived from the Hindu puranic king Bharat of Dusmanta-shakuntala fame, a descendant of the ancient lunar dynasty. The Greek called in India. In central Asia, as well as in Pakistan the name Hindustan is still in vogue.

It rains in incessantly at Cherapunji in Meghalaya 500 annually, in kolkata streets are flooded by the monsoon Ganga Yamuna krishna cauvery Narmada Brahmaputra and other rivers and tributaries wreck and make their coastal belts perennially. Likewise people in Rajasthan lament over the diurnal drought. When the whole of N-East wreathes in icy shudder a tropical sun blooms over the S-West. The Himalaya has graced the country. Although they enter India at the Myanmar border in the for east and leave at ladakh to meander across the Hindukush/Afghanistan to the fringes of Middle East, many a splendors of this gorgeous terrain are the pristine peaks that shine as jewels in the Indian crown. After the Chinese encroachment over Tibet, Dalai Lama had migrated from Lhasa and built a monastery at Dharamsala. Needless to mention the myriad puranic gods and goddess who have made their shrines in every nook and corner of this mountain cradle.