India Ancient is known to prehistoric man in India, but for the use of iron, copper and other metals in the Indian subcontinent, is indicative of the Paleolithic age. And at the end of the 4th millennium BC, it emerged in India a civilization very developed.

Indus Valley
The Indus Valley culture or Harappan civilization flourished between 3000 BC In 1500 BC, but it seems there is no unanimity on the actual period of existence for some Indian historians note that the Indus valley had its origins around 3250 BC. Harappa and Mohenjedaro, the main cities of this civilization, which are now in Pakistan. Originally, it was considered that this civilization has been confined to the Indus valley, but the recent discovery has proved that it is also focused on the Rajasthan and Gujarat. Excavations at these sites revealed the remains of buildings, household items, tools, weapons of war, ornaments of gold and silver, stamps, toys, pottery, idols, etc. which are at number four or five thousand years. Indus Valley is essentially an urban civilization and the people living in well-planned and well-built cities that were also centers of commerce.

The highly civilized Harappans knew the art of cultivation of cereals, wheat and barley are their staple food. They also consumed fruits and vegetables and ate mutton, pork and eggs as well. The Indus Valley people are believed to be worshiping the Mother Goddess and Lord Shiva. Worship trees, animals and stones also appears to have been fairly common among them. By 1500 BC Harappan culture has ended. Among the various reasons attributable to the deterioration of the Indus valley civilization notable are the invasion of the Aryans, recurring floods and other natural causes such as earthquakes, etc.
 

Aryan invasion - Vedic Civilization
There is controversy about the origin of the Aryans, and from which they had come. Mainly, their origins in Central Asia has been widely confirmed. The sacred scriptures of Aryans, the Vedas shed light on their political, social, political and religious institutions. The Aryans finally settled down in Punjab, where they were moving further east and spread across the Ganges Valley.

Originally, the Aryans lived in tribes and spoke in Sanskrit, a language that belongs to the Indo-European family of languages. Aryans loved Indra, Varuna, Agni and Vayu. The religious practices of the Aryans were simple and close to nature, similar to their predecessors, the Indus people. The Aryans soon allied with the people, which led to the synthesis of cultures and paved the way for the cause of Hinduism.

In 600 BC beyond, states have largely come in existence, in the north of India. The Ramayana and Mahabharata are the two great epics of the period honestly reflect the cultural norms and value system prevailing then. The caste system was more rigid, with Brahmins enjoying primacy over other castes. The Kshtriyas become the race for power. The rituals and sacrifices have become more elaborate. The situation of women has deteriorated with women forced to live under the protection of man, and lose his right to own property. The kings become all-powerful, and the kingdom has become hereditary. The democratic system of elected leaders of the Aryan tribal politics was not over.